(1) Treatment of water loss

失水的处理流程为：打开电池盖一补加纯水一处理硫化故障一将电池密封。

The treatment process of water loss is: open the battery cover, add pure water, deal with vulcanization fault and seal the battery.

① 适当补加纯水

① Add pure water appropriately

a.打开电池盖因为阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池不是全密封电池，都留有排气通道，所以电池盖与电池槽之间通常只是部分粘接在一起，即留有缝隙用于排气。只要找到粘接位置，用适当的工具即可打开电池盖。

a. Open the battery cover, because the valve regulated sealed lead-acid battery is not a fully sealed battery, and an exhaust channel is reserved, so the battery cover and the battery slot are usually only partially bonded together, that is, a gap is reserved for exhaust. As long as the bonding position is found, the battery cover can be opened with a suitable tool.

b.补加适量的纯水补加纯水时要注意适量，因为阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池是贫液式电池，加水过多会堵塞气体通道，影响氧气的复合效率。氧复合效率低，会使过量的水被不断消耗，并终使电池成为贫液状态。但是，如果加水量太多，造成电解液成流动状态，则会使侧立安置的电池发生漏液现象。

b. Add an appropriate amount of pure water. Pay attention to an appropriate amount when adding pure water, because the valve regulated sealed lead-acid battery is a lean liquid battery. Adding too much water will block the gas channel and affect the compound efficiency of oxygen. The low oxygen recombination efficiency will cause excessive water to be consumed continuously, and finally make the battery lean. However, if too much water is added, causing the electrolyte to flow, the side mounted battery will leak.

② 处理硫化故障  由于失水电池都伴随有硫化故障，所以补加适量纯水后，必须按照处理硫化故障的方法消除极板硫化。电池容量恢复后，用粘接剂将电池密封好。密封时要注意在电池盖和电池槽之间留一定的排气缝隙。

② Treatment of vulcanization failure as the water loss battery is accompanied by vulcanization failure, after adding an appropriate amount of pure water, the plate vulcanization must be eliminated according to the method of treatment of vulcanization failure. After the battery capacity is restored, seal the battery with adhesive. When sealing, pay attention to leave a certain exhaust gap between the battery cover and the battery slot.

(2)减少失水的措施

(2) Measures to reduce water loss

① 正确选择和及时调整浮充电压浮充电压过高，电解水反应加剧，析气速度加快，失水量必然增大；浮充电压过低，虽然可降低失水速度，但容易引起极板硫化。因而必须根据负荷电流大小、停电频次以及电池温度和电池组新旧程度，及时调整浮充电压。

① Correctly select and timely adjust the floating charge voltage. If the floating charge voltage is too high, the electrolytic water reaction will intensify, the gas evolution speed will accelerate, and the water loss will inevitably increase; The floating charge voltage is too low, which can reduce the water loss rate, but it is easy to cause plate vulcanization. Therefore, the floating charge voltage must be adjusted in time according to the load current, power failure frequency, battery temperature and the new and old degree of battery pack.

② 保持合适的环境温度  尽可能使环境温度保持在20℃±5℃，这样方可保持电池内部温度不超过30℃。机房内环境温度不得超过35℃。

② Maintain an appropriate ambient temperature and keep the ambient temperature at 20 ℃± 5 ℃ as far as possible, so as to keep the internal temperature of the battery within 30 ℃. The ambient temperature in the machine room shall not exceed 35 ℃.

③ 定期检测电池内阻（或电导）  虽然用电导仪测电池电导可以判断电池质量，但是当电池组的容量在额定容量的50％以上时，测得的电导值几乎没有变化，只是在容量低于额定容量的50％时，电池电导值才会迅速下降。因此当蓄电池组中各单体电池的容量均大于80％C额，就不能用电导（或内阻）来估算电池容量和预测电池的使用寿命。然而一旦发现内阻异常增大，则很可能是失水所致，其结果必然导致容量对同一电池而言下降。

③ Regularly detect the internal resistance (or conductance) of the battery. Although the battery quality can be judged by measuring the battery conductance with a conductometer, the measured conductance value hardly changes when the capacity of the battery pack is more than 50% of the rated capacity. Only when the capacity is less than 50% of the rated capacity, the battery conductance value will decrease rapidly. Therefore, when the capacity of each single battery in the battery pack is greater than 80% C, the conductance (or internal resistance) cannot be used to estimate the battery capacity and predict the service life of the battery. However, once the abnormal increase of internal resistance is found, it is likely to be caused by water loss, which will inevitably lead to the decrease of capacity for the same battery.

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