瓦斯发电机组主开关常见故障及解决办法浅析

　　A Brief Analysis of Common Malfunctions and Solutions of the Main Switch in Gas Generator Sets

　　瓦斯发电机组主开关在电力系统的发电过程中是一个及其重要的部件。瓦斯发电机组与主汇流排接通与断开的协调工作就由山主开关来完成的。它既作发机主电路通断用，又作瓦斯发电机组的继电保护装置用，道常在电站主配板中，瓦斯发电机组主开关是采用框架式万能空气断路器，其他配电开关大多采用塑壳式。

　　The main switch of the gas generator set is an extremely important component in the power generation process of the power system. The coordination work of connecting and disconnecting the gas generator set and the main busbar is completed by the mountain main switch. It is used for both the on/off of the main circuit of the generator and the relay protection device of the gas generator set. It is commonly found in the main distribution board of the power station. The main switch of the gas generator set adopts a frame type universal air circuit breaker, while most other distribution switches adopt a plastic shell type.

　　主开关出现故障，就会造成局部或全网的断电。因此如何及时、快速、准确地处理主开关的故障就显得极为重要。本文在对一些使用瓦斯发电机组组的厂矿企业的瓦斯发电机组主开关的故障进行了分析，并按照相关的分类和故障现象总结出了故障处理办法。

　　If the main switch malfunctions, it will cause partial or complete power outages in the network. Therefore, it is extremely important to promptly, quickly, and accurately handle faults in the main switch. This article analyzes the faults of the main switch of gas generator sets in some factories and mining enterprises that use gas generator sets, and summarizes the fault handling methods according to relevant classifications and fault phenomena.

　　1瓦斯发电机组主开关常见故障及处理

　　Common faults and solutions of the main switch of a gas generator set

　　配电板上的主开关正常状态下主开关在正常状态作为接通或断开主电路的开关电器，在非正常状态，它又用作对主电路进行过载、短路和欠压保护电器。

　　The main switch on the distribution board is used as a switching device to connect or disconnect the main circuit in the normal state. In the abnormal state, it is also used as an overload, short circuit, and undervoltage protection device for the main circuit.

　　2瓦斯发电机组保护动作使主开关跳闸的判别

　　2. Discrimination of main switch tripping caused by protective action of gas generator set

　　2.1瓦斯发电机组过载保护的判别

　　2.1 Discrimination of Overload Protection for Gas Generator Sets

　　一般是发生在瓦斯发电机组单机运行在较大负荷下，在不察看瓦斯发电机组实际功率时启动大负荷运行,如启动空压机、压载泵等致瓦斯发电机组过载而跳闸;也可能发生在并联运行时，其中一台机组因机电故障保护立即跳闸,而分级卸载装置失灵或卸载后仍过载致运行机组出现过载而发生保护跳闸等场合。

　　Generally, it occurs when a gas generator unit operates under high loads and starts operating at high loads without checking the actual power of the gas generator unit, such as starting an air compressor, ballast pump, etc., causing the gas generator unit to overload and trip; It may also occur during parallel operation, where one unit trips immediately due to mechanical and electrical fault protection, and the graded unloading device fails or the operating unit is still overloaded after unloading, resulting in protection tripping.

　　2.2瓦斯发电机组欠压保护的判别

　　2.2 Discrimination of Under Voltage Protection for Gas Generator Sets

　　瓦斯发电机组欠压保护跳闸主要发生在调速器及燃油系统或调压器出现故障的场合。调速器及燃油系统故障导致欠压保护的判断依据是先出现转速下降(这可从发电机声音听到)后发生跳闸，调压器故障导致的欠压保护可光出现电压下降(这从照明灯的亮度变化看出)后发生跳闸。

　　The undervoltage protection tripping of gas generator sets mainly occurs in situations where the governor, fuel system, or regulator fails. The judgment basis for undervoltage protection caused by faults in the governor and fuel system is that the speed drops first (as can be heard from the sound of the generator) and then trips, while undervoltage protection caused by faults in the regulator can cause voltage drops (as can be seen from changes in the brightness of the lighting) and then trips.

　　2.3瓦斯发电机组逆功率保护的判别

　　2.3 Discrimination of Reverse Power Protection for Gas Generator Sets

　　瓦斯发电机组逆功率保护跳闸主要发生在并车操作合闸时刻掌握不当，导致待并机组主开关合上后跳闸,或并联运行时负荷分配操作调节方向调反，或并联时其中一台调速器损坏或燃汕中断等场合会发生逆功率保护跳闸。

　　The reverse power protection tripping of gas generator sets mainly occurs when the timing of closing the parallel operation is not properly controlled, resulting in tripping after the main switch of the parallel unit is closed, or when the load distribution operation adjustment direction is reversed during parallel operation, or when one of the speed controllers is damaged or the fuel is interrupted during parallel operation.

　　2.4瓦斯发电机组外部短路故障的判别

　　2.4 Identification of External Short Circuit Faults in Gas Generator Sets

　　这里指的是按规范要求的对瓦斯发电机组外部短路保护，即瓦斯发电机组电流大于等于2IN 时主开关跳闸这一故障的判别。

　　This refers to the identification of the fault of the main switch tripping when the current of the gas generator set is greater than or equal to 2IN, which is required by the specifications for external short-circuit protection of the gas generator set.

　　(1)对于具有自动电站管理系统的电站。

　　(1) For power plants with automatic power plant management systems.

　　当发生瓦斯发电机组主开关跳闸主电网失电除报警外机舱没有任何其他反应日报警指示的是短路故障时，说明这时发生了瓦斯发电机组外部短路故障。

　　When the main switch of the gas generator unit trips and the main power grid loses power, except for the alarm, there is no other reaction in the engine room. If the alarm indicates a short circuit fault, it indicates that an external short circuit fault has occurred in the gas generator unit.

　　(2)对于常规电站。

　　(2) For conventional power plants.

　　当发生瓦斯发电机组主开关跳闸,这一跳闸不是发生在同时启动几台大负荷时,也不是出现在利用船上起货机进行装卸货作业时;不是先出现转速下降后发生主开关跳闸，也不是先发生电压下降后再跳闸(从照明灯的亮度可得到判别)。这时一般可断定发生了瓦斯发电机组外部短路故障，但也不排除有关人员的操作失误如并车作不当使瓦斯发电机组电流达短路保护整定值，或也有可能足山于主开关木身故障引起跳间。

　　When the main switch of the gas generator unit trips, this trip does not occur when several large loads are started simultaneously, nor does it occur when loading and unloading operations are carried out using the ship's cargo crane; It's not that the main switch trips after the speed drops first, nor is it that the voltage drops first and then trips again (as can be determined by the brightness of the lighting). At this point, it can generally be concluded that an external short circuit fault has occurred in the gas generator set. However, it cannot be ruled out that operational errors by relevant personnel, such as improper parallel operation, may cause the current of the gas generator set to reach the short-circuit protection setting value, or it may also be due to a fault in the main switch body causing a jump.

　　3 主开关跳闸的应急处理

　　Emergency handling of 3 main switches tripping

　　3.1可能引起跳闸的原因

　　3.1 Possible causes of tripping

　　(1)负荷太大或电网发生短路，引起过载或短路保护动作而跳闸。

　　(1) Excessive load or short circuit in the power grid can cause overload or short circuit protection to trip.

　　(2)瓦斯发电机组主开关误动作而跳间，即不属于主开关保护功能正常动作的跳间如由于剧烈振动，使失正脱扣线圈失电而跳问等

　　(2) The main switch of the gas generator set trips due to misoperation, which does not belong to the normal operation of the main switch protection function. For example, due to severe vibration, the trip coil loses power and trips

　　(3)调整器失灵,使原动机的油门不能随负荷大小而做相应调节,转速过高或 过低，使超速或低速保护装置或欠压保护动作而跳闸。

　　(3) The regulator fails, causing the throttle of the prime mover to not adjust according to the load, and the speed is too high or too low, causing the overspeed or low-speed protection device or undervoltage protection to trip.

　　燃汕系统渗水或燃汕管系堵塞，关错燃汕，使燃汕中断等，使原动机停

　　Water seepage in the combustion system or blockage of the combustion pipeline, incorrect shutdown of the combustion system, interruption of the combustion system, etc., causing the prime mover to stop

　　装卸货时跳闸，多因数台起货机同时起动，过载而跳闸。

　　Tripping during loading and unloading, multiple factor platform crane started simultaneously, and tripped due to overload.

　　并车引起跳闸，应立即使任一台瓦斯发电机组合闸，再重新车。

　　If the trip is caused by merging, any gas generator combination should be immediately tripped before restarting.

　　3.2 采取的措施

　　3.2 Measures taken

　　遇到跳闸事故，主管人员应迅速奔赴现场，一方面立即起动备用机纽，另(1)一方面同时观察配电板上电压表及频率表,如二表指示正带,可关掉一些次要负载或起货机，市新合闸，仔细观察各指示仪表的变化，一切稳定正常，可继续送电使用;如果电压表、频率表无指示，表明瓦斯发电机组组或调压系统有问题，需进一步检查，待备用机组起动成功后，合闸送电，再进一步检查故障机组。

　　In the event of a tripping accident, the supervisor should quickly rush to the scene. On the one hand, they should immediately start the standby power button. On the other hand, they should observe the voltage and frequency meters on the distribution board at the same time. If the two meters indicate positive, they can turn off some secondary loads or cargo cranes, close the circuit breaker, and carefully observe the changes in each indicator instrument. Everything is stable and normal, and power can continue to be supplied for use; If there is no indication on the voltmeter and frequency meter, it indicates that there is a problem with the gas generator set or voltage regulation system, and further inspection is required. After the standby unit is successfully started, the power is switched on and the faulty unit is further inspected.

　　如备用机组起动建立电压后，合不上闸，说明负载有短路可能，应先关掉(2)所冇负载，再逐一送电，可把知路负载筛选出来，再进行检修。

　　If the standby unit fails to close the circuit breaker after establishing voltage during start-up, it indicates that there may be a short circuit in the load. The (2) loads should be turned off first, and then power should be supplied one by one. The circuit load can be screened out before maintenance.

　　本文由  瓦斯发电机组 友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  https://www.huannengpower.cn/   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a biogas generator set For more related knowledge, please click https://www.huannengpower.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.