一、生物质气发电机组发电方式：生物质气化发电可通过三种途径实现：生物质气化产生燃气作为燃料直接进入燃气锅炉生产蒸汽，再驱动蒸汽轮机发电；也可将净化后的燃气送给燃气轮机燃烧发电；还可以将净化后的燃气送入内燃机直接发电。在发电和投资规模上，它们分别对应于大规模、中等规模和小规模的发电。

　　1、 The power generation method of biomass gas generator set: Biomass gasification power generation can be achieved through three ways: biomass gasification produces gas as fuel, which directly enters the gas boiler to produce steam, and then drives the steam turbine to generate electricity; The purified gas can also be sent to a gas turbine for combustion and power generation; The purified gas can also be sent to the internal combustion engine for direct power generation. In terms of power generation and investment scale, they correspond to large-scale, medium scale, and small-scale power generation, respectively.

　　在商业上最为成功的生物质气化内燃发电技术，由于具有装机容量小、布置灵活、投资少、结构紧凑、技术可靠、运行费用低廉、经济效益显著、操作维护简单和对燃气质量要求较低等特点，而得到广泛的推广与应用。

　　The most successful biomass gasification internal combustion power generation technology in business has been widely promoted and applied due to its small installed capacity, flexible layout, low investment, compact structure, reliable technology, low operating costs, significant economic benefits, simple operation and maintenance, and low requirements for gas quality.

　　二、生物质气发电机组成成分：生物质气化内燃发电系统主要由气化炉、燃气净化系统和内燃发电机等组成：气化炉是将生物质能由固态转化为燃气的装置。生物质在气化炉内通过控制空气供应量，而进行不完全燃烧，实现低值生物质能由固体向气态的转化，生成包含氢气（H2）、一氧化碳（CO）、甲烷（CH4）、多碳烃（CnHm）等可燃成分的燃气，完成生物质的气化过程。

　　2、 Composition of biomass gas generator: The biomass gasification internal combustion power generation system mainly consists of a gasifier, a gas purification system, and an internal combustion generator. The gasifier is a device that converts biomass energy from solid state to gas. Biomass undergoes incomplete combustion in a gasifier by controlling the air supply, achieving the conversion of low value biomass energy from solid to gas, generating combustible gases including hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), and hydrocarbons (CnHm), completing the gasification process of biomass.

　　气化产生的燃气出口温度随气化炉型式的不同，在350℃～650℃之间，并且燃气中含有未完全裂解的焦油及灰尘等杂质，为满足内燃机长期可靠工作的要求，需要对燃气进行冷却和净化处理，使燃气温度降到40℃以下、焦油灰尘含量控制在50mg/Nm3以内，燃气经过净化后，再进入内燃机发电。

　　The outlet temperature of the gas generated by gasification varies depending on the type of gasifier, ranging from 350 ℃ to 650 ℃. The gas also contains impurities such as incompletely cracked tar and dust. In order to meet the long-term reliable operation requirements of internal combustion engines, it is necessary to cool and purify the gas to reduce the temperature to below 40 ℃ and control the tar and dust content within 50mg/Nm3. After purification, the gas enters the internal combustion engine for power generation.

　　在内燃机内，燃气混合空气燃烧做功，驱动主轴高速转动，主轴再带动发电机进行发电。

　　In an internal combustion engine, the mixture of gas and air burns to do work, driving the main shaft to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity.

　　生物质气化内燃发电就是通过以上过程，将各种废弃物化废为宝，转化为优质电能，解决废弃物的污染和能源的合理利用问题。

　　Biomass gasification internal combustion power generation is the process of turning various waste materials into treasure, converting them into high-quality electricity, and solving the problems of waste pollution and rational energy utilization.

　　三、生物质气发电机组的组成与工作原理

　　3、 Composition and Working Principle of Biomass Gas Generator Unit

　　1. 系统组成

　　1. System composition

　　生物质气化单元：将生物质转化为生物质气，包括气化炉（如固定床、流化床等）、净化装置（去除焦油、灰尘、硫化物等杂质）。

　　Biomass gasification unit: converting biomass into biomass gas, including gasification furnaces (such as fixed beds, fluidized beds, etc.), purification devices (removing impurities such as tar, dust, sulfides, etc.).

　　燃气发电单元：利用生物质气驱动发电机发电，主要有以下类型：

　　Gas power generation unit: using biomass gas to drive generators for power generation, mainly including the following types:

　　内燃机发电机组：通过燃气内燃机燃烧生物质气驱动发电机，技术成熟、启动灵活，适用于中小功率（通常 50-5000 kW）。

　　Internal combustion engine generator set: The generator is driven by burning biomass gas through a gas internal combustion engine, with mature technology and flexible start-up, suitable for small and medium power (usually 50-5000 kW).

　　燃气轮机发电机组：利用燃气轮机高温高压燃气推动涡轮做功发电，效率较高，适合大功率（1000 kW 以上）场景，但对气体纯度要求较高。

　　Gas turbine generator set: using high-temperature and high-pressure gas from a gas turbine to drive the turbine to do work and generate electricity, with high efficiency, suitable for high-power (over 1000 kW) scenarios, but with high requirements for gas purity.

　　燃料电池：通过电化学反应直接将化学能转化为电能，效率高、污染小，目前尚处于研发和示范阶段。

　　Fuel cell: It directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, with high efficiency and low pollution. Currently, it is still in the research and demonstration stage.

　　辅助系统：包括燃料供给系统、冷却系统、控制系统、并网系统等。

　　Auxiliary systems: including fuel supply system, cooling system, control system, grid connected system, etc.

　　2. 工作原理

　　2. Working principle

　　生物质经气化炉转化为生物质气，净化后进入发动机（或燃气轮机）燃烧，产生的机械能驱动发电机转子旋转，切割磁感线产生电能，最后通过并网装置将电能输送至电网或供用户使用。

　　Biomass is converted into biomass gas through a gasifier, purified and then enters the engine (or gas turbine) for combustion. The generated mechanical energy drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, cutting magnetic induction lines to generate electrical energy. Finally, the electrical energy is transmitted to the grid or used by users through a grid connected device.

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