1 瓦斯气体的性质

1. Properties of Gas

瓦斯气体属于一种非常规性的天然气体，瓦斯气体当中主要的构成成分为甲烷，这种气体具有无色无味、易燃易爆等特性。在煤矿开采工作当中，如果周围环境空气当中的甲烷体积分数超过10%以上，那么环境当中遇到明火问题会直接造成瓦斯气体爆炸事故。所以，在当前煤矿开采工作当中对瓦斯气体的处理是其中一个关键工作内容。由于瓦斯气体也属于一种清洁性能源，因此这种资源具有较高的使用价值。在煤矿开采过程当中，使用瓦斯气体来进行发电，不但可以提高资源的使用效率，同时还对周围的环境形成了良好的保护作用。

Gas belongs to a type of unconventional natural gas, and the main component of gas is methane. This gas has characteristics such as colorless, odorless, flammable, and explosive. In coal mining operations, if the volume fraction of methane in the surrounding air exceeds 10% or more, encountering open flames in the environment can directly cause gas explosion accidents. So, in the current coal mining work, the treatment of gas is one of the key tasks. Due to the fact that gas is also a clean energy source, this resource has high utility value. In the process of coal mining, using gas for power generation can not only improve the efficiency of resource utilization, but also form a good protective effect on the surrounding environment.

2 瓦斯发电的技术的应用

Application of Gas Power Generation Technology

2.1 内燃机瓦斯发电

2.1 Internal combustion engine gas power generation

当前在我国煤矿产业的发展过程当中，其中对瓦斯的开采和处理常用的方式为瓦斯地面输送系统和井下瓦斯抽放系统。煤矿开采工作当中，瓦斯气体属于整个工作流程当中所生成的附属气体，瓦斯气体的体积分数变化范围在3～%80%之间；同时，随着瓦斯气体在环境当中的流量不断变化，在煤矿开采工作当中通常情况下会使用负压风机，直接将瓦斯气体从煤矿开采环境当中输送到地面以上，如果煤矿开采过程当中的瓦斯气体的体积分数达到了危险警戒状态，也就是瓦斯气体的爆炸体积分数范围超过了5%，那么在遇到一些火花或者是明火的条件下，很有可能造成严重的瓦斯爆炸。这一问题直接影响到了煤矿开采工作人员的生命安全，为了充分保证煤矿开采过程当中的安全性，煤矿开采单位必须要充分做好瓦斯气体的处理工作，依照煤矿巷道当中瓦斯气体的体积分数大小，选择对应的方式来进行处理，这样不但可以提高能源的利用率，同时还降低对周围环境所形成的不良影响。通过实际的分析和研究可以看出，在一些煤矿开采过程当中内部所产生的高瓦斯气体，通过点燃排空，或者是无偿直接供应到当地居民家中进行运用，整体的资源利用效果比较明显。如果瓦斯气体的体积分数低于40%，那么煤矿单位会直接将其排放到周围环境当中，进而对瓦斯气体的使用率产生不良的影响，事实上瓦斯气体具有较高的发电应用价值，通过瓦斯发电的方式可以达到一种比较理想的资源大化应用同时提高了节能减排效果。

In the current development process of China's coal mining industry, the commonly used methods for gas extraction and treatment are gas surface transportation systems and underground gas drainage systems. In coal mining, gas belongs to the subsidiary gas generated throughout the entire workflow, and the volume fraction of gas varies between 3% and 80%; At the same time, as the flow rate of gas in the environment constantly changes, negative pressure fans are usually used in coal mining work to directly transport gas from the coal mining environment to above the ground. If the volume integral of gas in the coal mining process reaches a dangerous warning state, that is, the explosive volume fraction range of gas exceeds 5%, So when encountering some sparks or open flames, it is very likely to cause serious gas explosions. This issue directly affects the safety of coal mining workers. In order to fully ensure the safety of the coal mining process, coal mining units must do a good job in gas treatment. According to the volume fraction of gas in coal mine tunnels, corresponding methods should be selected for treatment. This can not only improve energy utilization, but also reduce the adverse effects on the surrounding environment. Through practical analysis and research, it can be seen that in some coal mining processes, the high gas generated internally can be ignited and discharged, or directly supplied to local residents for use without compensation. The overall resource utilization effect is relatively obvious. If the volume fraction of gas is less than 40%, coal mining units will directly discharge it into the surrounding environment, which will have a negative impact on the utilization rate of gas. In fact, gas has a high value for power generation applications. Gas power generation can achieve a relatively ideal resource maximization application and improve energy conservation and emission reduction effects.

2.2 乏风瓦斯发电技术应用

2.2 Application of depleted wind and gas power generation technology

在煤矿开采工作当中为了大限度上，保证煤矿开采工作人员的人身安全，必须要保证整个煤矿开采环境空气质量。因此在煤矿开采工作当中需要向井下输送大量的新鲜空气。在此过程当中，煤矿巷道当中的通风系统排出的废气称之为“乏风”。废气当中会含有一定量到瓦斯气体，通常情况下瓦斯的含量相对较低，但是如果没有对瓦斯气体进行合理的运用和处理，那么不但会造成周围环境的污染，同时还对资源形成了一定的浪费。通过乏风瓦斯发电技术的应用，可以将排出的废气当中瓦斯的体积分数上升到0.2%以上，然后直接将排出的废弃运输到氧化气当中，通过这种方式可以形成无焰燃烧的效果。在此过程当中不但可以有效达到瓦斯气体的高效化运用，同时还可以运用瓦斯气体在燃烧过程当中产生的热量来制取蒸汽以及热水等，大量的蒸汽可以直接推动汽轮机的运转达到发电的目标，而产生的热水可以用在供热工作当中。

In the process of coal mining, in order to ensure the safety of coal mining workers to a maximum extent, it is necessary to ensure the air quality of the entire coal mining environment. Therefore, in coal mining operations, a large amount of fresh air needs to be transported underground. During this process, the exhaust gas discharged from the ventilation system in the coal mine roadway is called "exhaust air". The exhaust gas will contain a certain amount of gas, which is usually relatively low in content. However, if gas is not used and treated properly, it will not only cause pollution to the surrounding environment but also waste resources. Through the application of exhaust gas power generation technology, the volume fraction of gas in the discharged exhaust gas can be increased to over 0.2%, and then the discharged waste can be directly transported to the oxidation gas, forming a flameless combustion effect through this method. In this process, not only can the efficient use of gas be effectively achieved, but the heat generated by gas during combustion can also be used to produce steam and hot water. A large amount of steam can directly drive the operation of the turbine to achieve the goal of power generation, and the generated hot water can be used for heating work.

2.3 燃气轮机瓦斯发电

2.3 Gas turbine gas power generation

燃气轮机瓦斯发电技术在使用的过程当中，主要是在煤层上直接进行钻孔，然后对煤层当中所含有的瓦斯气体进行储存和运用，其中在瓦斯气体当中所含有的甲烷体积分数基本上都会超过90%以上，但是因为甲烷气体在整个危险系数上相对较低，因此可以通过使用加压灌桩的方式来对瓦斯进行运输，同时也可以使用管道来进行甲烷的长距离输送，所以在这种类型的瓦斯气体。在一些化工生产以及民用燃料当中得到了广泛的使用。其中高浓度的瓦斯气体也可以用于燃气轮机发电工作当中，尽管这种发电方式可以达到一种比较理想化的发点效果，但是在实际的发电过程当中，因为一些高浓度的瓦斯气体在我国气体能源当中的应用以及供应商都比较紧张，因此这种发电技术还需要进行进一步的深化和研究。

In the process of using gas turbine gas power generation technology, the main method is to directly drill holes in the coal seam, and then store and use the gas contained in the coal seam. The volume fraction of methane in the gas generally exceeds 90%. However, because methane gas has a relatively low risk factor, it can be transported by using pressurized pile filling, At the same time, pipelines can also be used for long-distance transportation of methane, so in this type of gas. It has been widely used in some chemical production and civilian fuels. High concentration gas can also be used in gas turbine power generation. Although this power generation method can achieve a relatively ideal power generation effect, in the actual power generation process, due to the limited application and suppliers of high concentration gas in gas energy in China, further deepening and research are needed for this power generation technology.